Warts pregnancy common

The birth weight of the foetuses is also affected by the age of the mother. However, the length of hospital stays for parturients was not significantly different between the 2 age groups: 6.

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Discussions Our hospital is a university tertiary unit, the reference centre for the warts pregnancy common region of Romania, a region with a low socioeconomic level and with a high warts pregnancy common birth rate, with 48, births between andrepresenting 2. For this reason, this region may be considered an interesting source of information regarding adolescent obstetrical warts pregnancy common that could be generalised at a national level.

We considered teenage pregnancy to be pregnancy that ended before the patient's 20th birthday [ 1 ]. We considered 20—year-old parturients as the control group, which is reported also in these articles: WHO [ 1 ], Nove et al.

This choice is justified by the papilloma under eye birth outcome for this age group. Pregnancy comorbidities, chronic and gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia and eclampsia, occurred warts pregnancy common across age groups.

These results support the findings of Torvie et al. The rate of foetal anomalies we found in teenage mothers coincided with that reported by Torvie et al.

With regard to prenatal characteristics, teenage mothers in our study were less likely to have pregestational and gestational diabetes, a fact also reported by others [ 7 — 91315 ]. Teenage mothers were also less predisposed to obesity, which supports the findings of Leppälahti et al. Our study, in agreement with studies in the literature [ 8101314 ], showed a significantly higher incidence of anaemia in the teenage group.

Alouini et al. Our data show also that lower urinary tract infections occur more frequently in teenage pregnancies compared with young adult pregnancies.

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Few studies in the literature have analysed the association between teen pregnancy and genital infections. Hidalgo et al. In our study, with the exception of genital warts and trichomoniasis, we could not find an association between teen pregnancy and bacterial vaginosis, Candida, or syphilis.

We also found a lower incidence of spontaneous rupture of membranes as reported by Gupta et al. In turn, Shah et al. Infections with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses warts pregnancy common higher in the control group, as reported by Kurth et al. Our results are in accordance with almost all studies that found higher risks of preterm birth [ 681619 ], low birth weight [ 8151920 ], warts pregnancy common foetal growth restriction [ 781519 ]. Shrim et al.

These may occur before conceiving or manifest for the first time during pregnancy as a result of hormonal and immunological change. These are the following pre-existing skin diseases: atopic dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, psoriasis, acuminate condyloma and genital herpes infections. Atopic dermatitis Atopic dermatitis atopic eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disease accompanied by pruritus.

However, in our study, greater prematurity correlated with a lower parturient age. The same consideration is applicable to the birth weight of foetuses.

These results regarding caesarean delivery support the results of other published findings [ 7 — 1014warts pregnancy common172021 ]; meanwhile Gortzak-Uzan et al. A lower risk for instrumental delivery has been cited by many authors [ 7101315 ], but Sagili et warts pregnancy common.

Sagili et al.

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We did not find warts pregnancy common higher risk in our study for either cervical or perineal lacerations or for perineal rupture of 3rd and 4th degrees, but episiotomies were more common in the teenage group. Torvie et al. In our database search, we found a significantly lower Apgar score at 1 minute and 5 minutes among teenage mothers, a fact confirmed in other studies also [ 81519 ]. The Novelty of the Study Even if Romania holds second place in WHO statistics regarding teenage pregnancy, this study is the second study published in the English literature about medical aspects related to teenage pregnancy and delivery outcomes in Romania.

It focused particularly on social factors in teenage births. Concerning the pregnancy and delivery outcomes, the results were similar: teenager mothers were more likely than adult mothers to give birth by vaginal delivery, and the rate of operative delivery was lower among this group. The newborns of teenage mothers were more likely to have low birth weight, and the length of hospital stay was similar to that of adult mothers' newborns. Another strength of the present study is the papilloma virus se cura analysis of the genital infections associated with pregnancy.

One of the mechanisms for preterm birth is the high frequency of genital infections enhancing local prostaglandin levels: few studies have examined the warts pregnancy common associated with pregnancy [ 1524 ].

In our hospital, performing a cervical culture is mandatory for all pregnant women at admission, and lochio culture is performed in the first 48 hours after birth.

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But because the goal is the prevention of nosocomial infections and not the preterm birth, screening for chlamydia was not carried out. In our study, we could not find a correlation between teenage pregnancy and genital infections, except for anogenital warts and trichomoniasis. No correlation could be established for syphilis or other vaginal infections with Gardnerella, Candida, E. Premature rupture of membranes occurred more frequently in adults than in teenagers, and, for chorioamnionitis, we could not establish a correlation with patient age.

The other mechanisms described by Shrim et al. Unfortunately, we could not analyse the gynaecologic age of our patients defined as the warts pregnancy common between menarche and first pregnancy. This research has some limitations. Secondly, it is a retrospective study and for this reason we could not evaluate the socioeconomic and psychological data of teenage pregnancies.

Another limitation of the study is that testing for genital infection by chlamydia, as a potential risk factor of preterm birth, was not performed. Most of the patients were from rural areas. Some of these variables were difficult to register, due to the ethical guidelines regarding minor patients and informed consent signed by caregivers.

Papilloma impfung Warts pregnancy common study confirms prior findings that infants born by teens are at higher risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight, FGR foetal growth restrictionand foetal distress.

However, despite the findings of other studies, we found a high incidence of postpartum haemorrhage and of manual or instrumental uterine revision in the teenage group compared with the young adult group.

This information concerning risk factors associated with teenage pregnancy and delivery should be made available to medical practitioners so that they can advise adolescent pregnant women and their families. Competing Interests The authors declare that there are no competing interests regarding the publication of this paper. Authors' Contributions All authors contributed equally to this article. References 1. World Health Organization. Sedgh G. Adolescent pregnancy, birth, and abortion rates across countries: levels and recent trends.

Journal of Adolescent Health.

1. Introduction

Iorga M. An 8 years analysis warts pregnancy common pregnancies and births among teenagers in a University Hospital in North-Eastern Romania. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala. Romanian Ministry of Defense.

Natural growth of the Romanian population —, Romanian6 pages, graphic no. Nove A. Maternal mortality in adolescents compared with women of other ages: evidence from countries. The Lancet Global Health. Gortzak-Uzan L. Teenage pregnancy: risk factors for adverse perinatal outcome. Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine. Torvie A.

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Labor and delivery outcomes among young adolescents. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. Traisrisilp K. Pregnancy outcomes among mothers aged 15 years or less. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research. Dedecker F. Obstetrical risk factors of primiparous adolescent pregnancies in Reunion Island.

Journal warts pregnancy common Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction.

Gupta N. Teenage pregnancies: obstetric characteristics and outcome. Eure C.

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Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in young adolescent parturients in an inner-city hospital. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Hidalgo L. Obstetrical and neonatal warts pregnancy common in young adolescents of low socio-economic status: a case control study. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Leppälahti S. Is teenage pregnancy an obstetric risk in a welfare society?

A population-based study in Finland, from to BMJ Open. Sagili H. Are teenage pregnancies at high risk?

Cutaneous manifestations in pregnancy: Pre-existing skin diseases

A comparison study in a developing country. Shrim A. Is young maternal age really a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome in a canadian tertiary referral hospital? Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Alouini S. Risk factors of teenage pregnancies, deliveries and post-partum in the department of Loiret.

Journal de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction. Shah N. Comparision of obstetric outcome among teenage and non-teenage mothers from three tertiary care hospitals of Sindh, Pakistan. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. Kurth F.

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Adolescence as risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome in central Africa—a cross-sectional study. Chen X. International Journal of Epidemiology. Does young maternal age increase the risk of adverse obstetric, fetal and neonatal outcomes: a cohort study. Jivraj S. Obstetric outcome of teenage pregnancies from to the Sheffield experience. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.