Cancer symptoms abdominal pain

cancer symptoms abdominal pain

The purpose of this paper is to quantify the in­ci­dence of different histological types of ovarian tumors and to cancer symptoms abdominal pain the clinical importance of an effective screening program, considering the paucisymptomatic na­ture of this pathology. The incidence of ovarian epithelial tumors varied across age groups, our study group including women aged between 34 and 64 years old.

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Knowing the age distribution plays an important role in the implementation of screening pro­grams. All cases presented with similar symptomatology: pelvic pain, abdominal distension and ascites.

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The gross appearance of these tumors was overlapping in different histological subtypes, showing variable cystic and solid components. The histological subtypes included in our study were: serous carcinoma, low grade and high grade, mucinous carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma.

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A positive correct diagnosis of the his­to­lo­gical subtype is essential for therapy and follow-up, and immunohistochemial studies should be performed in difficult cases. There is a large series of antibodies used for the positive diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma, so the pathologist should know what algorithm to use in approaching a diagnosis in order to obtain a correct result.

Scopul acestei lucrări este de a cuantifica incidența diferitelor tipuri histologice de cancer symptoms abdominal pain ovariene și de a demonstra importanța clinică a unui program eficient de screening, având în vedere na­tura paucisimptomatică a acestei patologii. Incidența tumorilor epiteliale ovariene a variat în funcție de grupurile de vârstă, grupul nostru de studiu incluzând femei cu vârsta cuprinsă între 34 și 64 de ani.

cancer symptoms abdominal pain

Cunoașterea distribuției pe vârste joacă un rol im­por­tant în implementarea programelor de screening. Toa­te cazurile au prezentat simptomatologie similară: durere cancer symptoms abdominal pain, distensie abdominală și ascită. Aspectul macroscopic al cancer symptoms abdominal pain tumori se suprapune în diferite sub­tipuri histologice, prezentând componente variabile chis­tice și solide.

Subtipurile histologice incluse în studiul nos­tru au fost carcinomul seros, de grad scăzut sau crescut, carcinomul mucinos, carcinomul endometrioid și carcinomul cu celule clare.

Un diagnostic corect pozitiv al subtipului his­to­logic este esențial pentru terapie și follow-up, iar studiile imu­no­histochimice trebuie efectuate în cazuri dificile. Există o serie mare de anticorpi folosiți pentru diagnosticul pozitiv al carcinomului ovarian, astfel încât anatomopatologul ar trebui să știe ce algoritm să utilizeze în abordarea unui diagnostic pentru a obține un rezultat corect.

Cuvinte cheie epiteliu carcinom ovar imunohistochimie Introduction Ovarian cancer is a public health problem that affects women of reproductive age and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is the primary method of ameliorating complications and long-term prognosis, but this is hampered by reduced symptomatology, with most patients presenting in advanced stages.

From tothe incidence rate and the mortality rate decreased by 0.

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The most important factor in determining the prognosis of the patient is the tumor stage. For epithelial ovarian cancer, current screening methods ultrasound and tumor markers have not been as effective as cancer symptoms abdominal pain cervical or breast tumors. Ovarian epithelial tumors represent a heterogeneous class of neoplasia, classified by cell type in serous, mucinous, endometrioid and clear cell.

Because there are no benign equivalent tissues in the ovary, the mechanism of carcinogenesis was attributed initially to the ovarian epithelium mesotheliumbut recent studies have proposed that serous tumors are secondary tumors, derived from lesions of the fallopian tube fimbria, while endometrioid tumor or clear cells tumors are secondary to ovarian endometriosis 4. Ovarian epithelial tumors are classified according to the degree of nuclear atypia, tumor proliferation and the presence or cancer symptoms abdominal pain of stromal invasion, in benign, borderline and malignant conditions.

The borderline tumors human papilloma ferfiaknal called this way because they present cytological and histological aspects that are intermediate between benign and malignant.

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Materials and cancer symptoms abdominal pain The purpose of this paper is to quantify the incidence of different histological types of ovarian tumors and to demonstrate the clinical importance of an effective scre­ening program, considering the paucisymptomatic nature of this pathology. Symptoms suggestive for this pathology were noted to demonstrate the silent clinical appearance of ovarian neoplasia.

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Specimens were obtained from limited tumor excision, but also from oophorectomy and hysterectomy with bilateral anexectomy, formalin fixed and paraffin embedded, then stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. In some cases, additional immunohistochemical stains were needed to clarify the diagnosis. Results This study included data from a batch of 23 ovarian carcinomas, selected from ovarian pathology patients.

The incidence of ovarian epithelial tumors varies across age groups, our study group including women aged between 34 and cancer symptoms abdominal pain years old. Knowing the age distribution plays an important role in the implementation of screening programs.

All cases presented with similar symptomatology: pelvic pain, abdominal distension and ascites in two cases.

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In the category of malignant serous tumors, we included 9 patients, 6 low-grade and 3 high-grade. The low-grade serous carcinoma was non-invasive and showed a papillary-type development, with small nuclei, rare mitoses and a hyalinized stroma with occasional psamoma bodies. Immunohistochemical assays showed positivity to CK7 and ER.

Specificații

Figure 1. The immunohistochemical assays showed, by contrast to the previous low-grade serous cases, a mutated expression of p53 and high Ki67 index.

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The pattern of p53 immunosay is very important and the result should refer to the presence or absence of a mutation. A strong and diffuse immunoexpression of p53, as well as a cancer symptoms abdominal pain negative immunostaining should be interpreted as an indicator of a TP53 gene mutation. In our cases, all high grade showed mutated status of TP53 gene.

Hormone receptor testing showed no difference from the low-grade cases and is not useful in the differential diagnosis. Also, all cancer symptoms abdominal pain of both low-grade and high-grade serous carcinoma exhibited diffuse nuclear positivity with WT1. Figure tratament ptr oxiuri copii. High-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary, HE, 40x, and p53 mutated, 40x The cases of carcinomas with glandular architecture, atypical cells and foci of squamous metaplasia were classified as endometroid carcinomas due to their resemblance to the endometrium 5 cases.

The immunohistochemical profile of endometriod carcinomas is similar to that of benign endometrial tumors, presenting a positive reaction for cytokeratins and both estrogenic and progesterone receptors and different values of Ki67, depending on the aggresive character of the tumor.

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In one case, the initial intraoperative diagnosis was endometriod cyst, while extensive grossing for the final diagnosis revealed the presence of a small area of endometrioid carcinoma Figure 3.

Figure 3. Endometrioid cancer symptoms abdominal pain carcinoma and associated endometrioid cyst, HE, 40x A third histopathological category of ovarian epithelial tumors were the mucinous tumors, which represented 2.

On gross examination, two cases showed cystic appearance and the rest were solid with dimensions between 6 and 14 cm. In one case, the mucinous adenocarcinoma has shown an expansive pattern of development, without any stromal invasion and complex architecture, while the rest were infiltrative.

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